Hitler s A Totalitarian State - 1690 Words

Many historians claim that Hitler introduced a totalitarian state in Germany in the years between 1933 and 1939. A totalitarian state was defined as a government that promotes the individual to the state and strictly controls all aspects of life by extreme measures. There is no doubt that radical changes occurred as a result of significant decisions made and policies introduced by the party, but there appears to be strong evidence to suggest that their desire for popularity and power was not completely fulfilled. In order for Germany to be considered a completely successful totalitarian state they must achieve the key features of a totalitarian state. The features of a totalitarian state were defined by German historian and political theorist, Carl Friedrichs, as the following six areas; control of the economy, control of opposition, control of the police and armed forces, total control of the media, the use of terror to control the people and control by one party. If the Nazis could not successfully control all of these areas, Germany would not be considered a totalitarian state. In order to assess whether they did, it is necessary to examine all of these factors covering their key points. Many historians believe that the economic crisis of 1929 helped the Nazis to power. The Nazis claimed to have the answer to solving Germany’s economic problems, so it was important for them that this was shown to be true. The most important was the problem of unemployment. OnceShow MoreRelatedA Totalitarian State Of The Soviet Union1552 Words   |  7 Pages A totalitarian state gave the government all of the power over society and seeks control over every aspect in regard of it citizens whether public or private which originated in the year of 1923. Germany, Italy, Soviet Union, and Spain all were totalitarian states at once upon time. Totalitarian states all begun with the most powerful, crucial leaders to date. All of the leaders have something in common, they all wanted power. They all realized that with power comes great responsibility, they gaveRead MoreCharacteristics of a Totalitarian Government Portrayed in the Film, Citizen Kane1714 Words   |  7 Pagesfilm is widely considered a cautionary tale for the late 1930’s and the early 1940’s. The main character, Charles Foster Kane is portrayed as a character that is similar to the totalitarian dictators that came about during this time period, such as Adolf Hitler. Totalitarian dictatorships have the goals of creating unity among the masses and obtaining control over individuals and society. There are three key characteristics of totalitarian governments that are portrayed in the film Citizen Kane. Read MoreWorld War II : A Totalitarian Government Essay1646 Words   |  7 Pagessystem behind many countries. The totalitarian form of government began with the reign of Joseph Stalin, the dictator of The Soviet Union, and Adolf Hitler, the dictator of Germany. A totalit arian government is known as a society that is run by a dictator, but not all dictatorships are from a totalitarian government (4.). Those living in a totalitarian society have little to no freedom and are controlled by the government. Another word to refer to the totalitarian government system is the word fascismRead MoreTo What Extent Can Nazism in Power Be Seen as Totalitarianism in the Period 1933-1939?1008 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to Fredrich’s â€Å"six point syndrome†, a totalitarian state must consist of an official ideology, a single mass party, terroristic police control, monopoly control of the media and arms and central control of the economy. During the Nazi Reich between 1933-1939, under Hitler as Fuhrer (supreme leader), the Nazi regime was able to successfully achieve aspects of totalitarianism by exerting tight control of the media and police; leading to control of certain aspects of German social, politicalRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1 9841377 Words   |  6 Pagesnation has its own particular government, or leader. A government’s role is to regulate and organize their nation, along with their citizens. There are various types of governments, such include democracy, oligarchy, and more specifically, totalitarian. A totalitarian government gains extensive amounts of control and power over all of their people, and dominate over every aspect of their lives. George Orwell’s â€Å"1984,† conveys to its readers how the government presented totalitarianism and obtained controlRead MoreEssay on A Comparison of Hitler and Stalin1126 Words   |  5 PagesA Comparison of Hitler and Stalin Angelica Calvillo HIS 306: Twentieth-Century Europe April 26, 2010 Adolf Hitler’s Nazi Germany and Joseph Stalin’s Soviet Union are two controversial regimes. Hitler and Stalin were both Dictators of the countries they ruled. When Hitler and Stalin are compared, we can clearly see that each one of them were cold blooded killers. They are both responsible for an absurd amount of innocent deaths. Hitler is believed to be responsible for killing at leastRead MoreNineteen Eighty Four : A Warning For The Future1123 Words   |  5 Pagesdystopian novel written by George Orwell in the late 40’s. At the time when Orwell started writing Nineteen Eighty-Four, WWII was just coming to an end. The late 40’s was also the start of the Cold War. The Cold war brought along much fear of communist governments, such as the Soviet Union, becoming a world power. Orwell was one of the people who feared a dictatorship coming to power. He wanted to warn the population of what could happen if a totalitarian government became a world power. In or der to do suchRead MoreSimilarities Between Adolf Hitler And Benito Mussolini973 Words   |  4 PagesAdolf Hitler Vs Benito Mussolini When speaking of modern totalitarian states Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini are bound to be mentioned. While being significant leader of the nation during time of depression and devastation, in which was caused by the first world war. They both were about to gain power in similar fascist and totalitarian views on how a country should be run. Despite their many similarities, they also were very different through their initial efforts of revolt, social ideas andRead MoreNazi Germany: A Totalitarian State?1532 Words   |  7 PagesNazi Germany: A Totalitarian State? The purpose of this essay is to explain whether Nazi Germany was a totalitarian state or not. Totalitarian state means when all aspects of life within a country are under the total control of a person or group, this is often referred to as a dictator. The aspects of life in Nazi Germany that I am going to examine are young people, women, the church, employment, leisure time, propaganda and censorship. After I have discussed these aspectsRead MoreTotalitarianism Is A Form Of Fascism2182 Words   |  9 Pagesis a politically run system where the state holds total authority and power over society and pursues control of all aspects of communal and private life. Totalitarianism is a form of fascism and it is thought that the idea came about in the 1920s with the Weimar German political and legal theorist, and later Nazi academic, Carl Schmitt and Italian Fascists. There are several features that are common to totalitarian regimes. They are usually one-party states governed by a dictator or a dynamic leader

Gender and Consumerism in Postwar Canada Essay - 2341 Words

During the Second World War, both married and unmarried women worked in wartime industries and factories to take the place of men who joined the service. Although women didn’t play a significant role on the battlefields in Europe compared to males, it would be logical to conclude that women played an integral role in the participation and victory in WWII both at home and abroad. Yet when one considers their contribution, it is hard to imagine how much more they could have done given the conservative views of gender role at that time. In the context of traditional gender roles and boundaries, women conceivably maximized their wartime efforts by working in a variety of jobs including industry, volunteering, and serving as support staff for†¦show more content†¦At a time when labour unions were gaining in memberships, organization, and bargaining power, women in the workforce made marginal gains during this period considering the booming economy. Sociologically, a health y economy should in theory provide the framework for change. When citizens have low unemployment and more money in their pockets, time and attention is less directed at bread and butter issues like sustenance and poverty, and aimed at equality and social progress. For women unfortunately, this was not necessarily the case. Their battle with employers was still a struggle between classes than gender parity. Male union leadership would naturally further male worker interests first,8 and this shows a culture of sexism in the workplace that was clearly difficult for working women to overcome. Even union-dues paying women rarely openly questioned their subordination as a sex.9 They were most likely outnumbered and the consequences of being a whistle blower did not want to be entertained. In the mindset of women who worked however, was a developing identity as female wage earners and unionists.10 As the baby boom added to the reasons for women to stay or to return to domesticity, there we re other factors at work. Not only were there more children to increase their home-based responsibilities, but there were geographical reasons that separated women from men. The suburban explosion in the late 1940s and 1950s wasShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pages Smith’s fully global perspectives make clear that even though gender parity has rarely been attained in any society and there have been major setbacks or few advances in INTRODUCTION †¢ 5 many countries, the position of women worldwide has improved dramatically and has very often empowered a substantial portion of humanity in ways that would have been unthinkable a century ago. Jean Quataert’s contribution to gender shifts in the twentieth century focuses more narrowly on the variableRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management View.Pdf Uploaded Successfully133347 Words   |  534 Pagesopportunities to grow. Pay will remain important, but workers will probably not be as focused on pay as in the past.33 These findings are consistent with the description of changing work values conveyed in the following: After a decade of excessive consumerism and blind ambition, American workers between the ages of 25 and 49 are beginning to emphasize public service and family life as measures of success . . .34 The trend toward greater interest in aspects of job satisfaction, such as autonomy and interestingRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagespower relations in organizations? . 16 Chapter 1 Introducing organization theory: what is it, and why does it matter? Ideas and perspectives The Corporation (2004) by Joel Bakan (a book and a film) Bakan, who is a professor of law in Canada, argues in his film and book that the corporation is now threatening the very society that created it. Whilst the corporation has come to dominate economic activity, it has simultaneously created through its operation a dangerously narrow and materialist

Importance of Non-Government Organisations-Samples for Students

Question: Disucss about the Importance of Non-Government Organisations. Answer: Introduction: This report is based on the importance of Non-government Organisations and their role on the various subjects and to promote the idea of human rights. It has been observed that the NGOs are certain kinds of non-profit organisations and active in the fields like education, healthcare, public policy, environment and other related issues (Coe and Majot 2013). The citizen found these organisations and in recent times, the importance of these organisations is becoming more effective. Considering their importance, 27th February is celebrating as World NGO Day. In this report, the role of the Organisation Intersex International has been discussed. This supportive measure has been taken for the interest of the intersex people (Carpenter 2016). Curtis Hinkle was the founder of this organisation and work of the organisation has begun in the year 2003. The main objective of this organisation is to maintain equality among the intersex personalities and in the words of sociologists Georgiann Davi s, Organisation Intersex International is the activist organisation in that field. According to this organisation, many people have certain sexual disorders and it is the duty of the humankind to treat them equally. It has branches in different provinces such as Australia, Europe, USA and South Africa (Jones and Hillier 2013). Discussion Organisation Intersex International in Australia: The organisation has been established in Australia in the year 2009 and become a Public generous Organisation in the year 2010. Gina Wilson was the founding president of the organisation. The role of the organisation in the society of Australia is imperative in nature. It has been observed that the medical intervention of the organisation regarding the intersex-affected people has certain positive impacts and the organisation has been actively involved in the cosmetic surgeries to the affected personalities (Preves 2016). It has been stated by Gina Wilson that the organisation is capable to bring effective changes in the mentality of the society regarding the intersex persons. They have advertised certain news on equality regarding the sexual disorder persons and it has been noticed that the organisation, to certain extent, receives huge success in that particular field (Spencer, Meer and Mller 2017). In 2012, an inquiry committee has been established to look over the matters of the organisation and it has been alleged that the organisation is suffering from certain illicit sterilisation. It has been replied by the organisation that the projected impacts of the surgeries are more than the normal reconstruction. The sexual disorder has been termed as gender dysphoria by the organisation and it has been observed that the organisation is attempting to contact with the medicinal persons as well as the doctors to play their role effectively in such processes (Swartz and Erasmus 2016). Dilemmas: It has been observed that the organisation has to face a number of dilemmas while performing their job. The main objective of the organisation is to retain the gender equality and operate the affected persons to give them normal life like others. The organisation has submitted its report on its activities and it has been observed that the number of operations and medicinal sterilisation have been used invariably by the organisation (McDonald 2015). Due to the high use of the steroid, persons are becoming affected by this and the organisation has to face dilemmas in the sectors like Social, Political, Ethical and Legal arena. Doughlas has extended the arena and importance of the Non-governmental organisations. However, the activities of the organisation in Australia are suffering from certain disabilities (Douglas, Levitan and Kiama 2017). It has been agreed by the Australians that the genital mutilation is a wise step regarding the bodily integrity and protecting the children from violence is a great job, but the organisation is taking step on behalf of the girls only. Many citizens have regarded this as unethical. In their view, steps should be taken for the interest of every child and there shall not be any discrimination regarding the point. It has been also observed that the organisation has attempted to operate children and there was no urgency regarding the same (Fraser 2016). Legal issues take place when it has been notified by the inquiry report that the organisation is involved in the surgery of underage children. Non-consensual intersex genital modification is illegal in the provinces of Austra lia. However, there are allegations that the organisation is involved in such activities and for that, the organisations are facing dilemmas. Greenberg has stated that the organisation is facing certain legal and social issues and it has been rightly alleged that the process of the organisation is harmful in nature (Meyer-Bahlburg 2015). It has been observed that the organisation is involving in the genital normalising process. The children who are affected by the sexual disorder needs to be operated to this effect. The organisation does the same job. However, the main side effect of the same is that the operated children sometimes have to face physical abnormality and they have to undergo into a lifelong hormone sterilisation. It has been stated by the Australian Government that it is the right of the children to decide whether they want to be interchanged or stay same. The organisation has no right over the issue. Georgie Yovanovic in the year 1970 who was also affect ted by the forced medical treatments and surgery had bought allegations. Shon Klose, a musician was also pressurised to undergo into a genital surgery without any medical counselling. Form the side of politics too; the organisation has been suffered from certain dilemmas (Nokoff et al. 2017). It has been stated that the children should be treated equally irrespective of their weak points or disorder. It is not wise step to change the problems by way of operating them. It has been mentioned by many human right activists and political ministers that interchange the sexual organs without obtaining their consent is a violation regarding the fundamental rights of the children and therefore, strong allegations have been made against the structure of the organisation. Intersex in South Africa: In the continents of South Africa, the sexual disorders are found in a more ratio. The term intersex can be applied to them who have certain sexual disorders and certain typical binary notions that can be effectively operated to make them normal (Muller 2014). It has been observed that the institution is engaging into a self-operated organisation. In South Africa, the human rights activists, Sally Gross, have established the institution on the intersex criteria. She was acting as a mentor in the arena of intersex activities and established an NGO that was affiliated with the Organisation Intersex International. It has been observed that the problem regarding the intersex is a burning topic in the territory of South Africa and therefore, certain measures have been taken for protecting the interest of the affected persons (Coe and Majot 2013). Dilemmas: In the states of South Africa too, the intersex organisation has to face certain dilemmas and to certain extent, the organisation is violating the rules of the fundamental rights. It has been observed that the organisation is not getting the consent of the children while interchanging their genital organs and the age of the child was also not legal (Carpenter 2016). It has been observed that the clitoral surgeries are become a serious concern and the organisation is alleged to operate those surgeries by the help of over sterilisation. Comparison and contrast between two NGOs: It has been noticed in the early descriptions that both the organisations have certain significant role over the intersex problems and getting success to certain extent. The term intersex is applied to the person who is suffering from the sexual disorders and has certain genital problem that differs them from others. In many states, it has been observed that the intersex persons have to face discrimination and that make them mentally ill. Certain non-government organisations are established to define the problem and curb the ill effect of the same (Jones and Hillier 2013). Organisation Intersex international is one of the NGO that is working for the interest of the intersex personalities. It has been observed that the organisation has done many activities and implemented certain medical policies and applied the same to the affected persons. The organisation was for the first time established in United Kingdom in the year 2003 and in 2009; it has its branch in Australia. The organisat ion has its branch in the states like South Africa, United States and Europe. In this report, the comparison regarding the activities of the two branches of the organisation has been mentioned. The comparisons are depend on the social structure of each states and the political and legal criteria of each of the states (McDonald 2015). It is no doubt to state that there are differences between the governmental and social structure of the two states. The activities and the nature of the two branches are also different. In the state of Australia, governmental approach on the genital transformation has been ob served. It has also been stated that the policies taken by the social activists and the human rights volunteers against the arbitrary policies of the organisation by stating that the institution is not obtaining consent from the children regarding the surgery (HUPF 2015). There are certain other allegations medical dilemmas and it has been observed that the patients have to undergo into the process of sterilisation that might affect their social life. It has been observed that the organisation has taken certain policies in Australia by way of operating the discrepancies regarding the physical bodies and the steroid they are injecting has certain side effects. The Australian government has implemented certain policies regarding the intersex personalities and the term has not been included under the legal enactments (Douglas, Levitan and Kiama 2017). On the other hand, in the provinces of South Africa, the works of the organisation regarding the intersex has been applauded and the government of South Africa is also extend their helping hand towards them so that the social disease like intersex can be curbed (Muller 2014). It has been observed that term intersex has been included in the anti-discrimination law for the protection of equality and justice. Certain documentation has been published to make aware the people regarding the intersex challenge such as Intersexion. Effectiveness of these NGOs: The importance of this organisation in the intersex policies cannot be denied. This organisation has adopted certain policies to abolish the gender discrimination process form the society. It is obvious to state that the main object of the organisation is moral (Crerand, Sarwer and Ryan 2017). The others due to their sexual disorder are affecting many persons and it has been observed that the persons have to face serious conclusion and sometimes, they developed psychological problems. The policies taken by the organisation, to certain extent succeed to remove certain disabilities and awarded with certain prestigious respects. In Australia, the organisation had won United Nations Human Rights Award. It has been observed that the organisation has committed certain surgical operation and many get relief from the curse of having sexual disorders. The main affected person of such disorders is being known as LGBT (Lesbian-Gay-Bisexual-Transgender) community. The institution has tried to make equality among these classes. In the developing countries, the impact of the organisation is effective (Meyer-Bahlburg 2015). The organisation wants to become the voice for the intersex people. It helps to promote the concept over the bodily autonomy. This is a fact that the efforts of Sally Gross help the South African government to include the term in the legal enactment to curb the dispute of inequality. Conclusion: Therefore, it has been understood from the above-mentioned points that the Organisation intersex International is playing certain important roles to establish the concept of intersex equality. In the words of Stephanie Farrior, the mentality to the inequality has caused certain dilemma over the humankind (Farrior 2017). The contribution of Organisation Intersex International should be regarded in this case. It has implemented certain policies for the betterment of this community. It has been notified that this organisation has faced a number of criticisms regarding the arbitrary nature of working and over sterilisation. In certain states, the process of gender transformation has been regarded as illegal and the human rights activists are protesting against it. However, the importance of this organisation could not be denied. It is required to mention that the policy implementations are depended on the social structure of the states and therefore, difference has been observed in the t erritory of Australia and South Africa References: Carpenter, M., 2016. The human rights of intersex people: addressing harmful practices and rhetoric of change.Reproductive health matters,24(47), pp.74-84. Coe, J. and Majot, J., 2013. Monitoring, evaluation and learning in NGO advocacy. Findings from Comparative Policy Advocacy MEL Review Project.Oxfam America,2, pp.4-5. Crerand, C.E., Sarwer, D.B. and Ryan, M., 2017. Cosmetic Medical and Surgical Treatments and Body Dysmorphic Disorder.Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Advances in Research and Clinical Practice, p.431. Douglas, M., Levitan, R. and Kiama, L.W., 2017. Expanding the role of NGOs in resettlement.Forced Migration Review, (54), p.34. Farrior, S. ed., 2017.Equality and Non-discrimination Under International Law(Vol. 2). Routledge. Fraser, S., 2016. Constructing the female body: using female genital mutilation law to address genital-normalizing surgery on intersex children in the United States.International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare,9(1), pp.62-72. Greenberg, J.A., 2017, May. Legal, ethical, and human rights considerations for physicians treating children with atypical or ambiguous genitalia. InSeminars in Perinatology. WB Saunders. HUPF, R., 2015. 2015 SPECIAL ISSUE: ADVANCING LGBTQIA RIGHTS IN A POST-OBERGEFELL WORLD: ALLYSHIP TO THE INTERSEX COMMUNITY ON COSMETIC, NON-CONSENSUAL GENITAL" NORMALIZING" SURGERY.Wm. Mary J. of Women L.,22, pp.73-129. Jones, T. and Hillier, L., 2013. Comparing trans-spectrum and same-sex-attracted youth in Australia: Increased risks, increased activisms.Journal of LGBT Youth,10(4), pp.287-307. McDonald, E., 2015. Intersex people in Aotearoa New Zealand: The challenges for law and social policy: Part I: Critiquing gender normalising surgery.Victoria U. Wellington L. Rev.,46, p.705. Meyer-Bahlburg, H.F., 2015. Misrepresentation of evidence favoring early normalizing surgery for atypical sex anatomies: response to Baratz and Feder (2015).Archives of sexual behavior,44(7), pp.1765-1768. Muller, A., 2014. Professionalism is key in providing services to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex South Africans.SAMJ: South African Medical Journal,104(8), pp.558-559. Nokoff, N.J., Palmer, B., Mullins, A.J., Aston, C.E., Austin, P., Baskin, L., Bernab, K., Chan, Y.M., Cheng, E.Y., Diamond, D.A. and Fried, A., 2017. Prospective assessment of cosmesis before and after genital surgery.Journal of pediatric urology,13(1), pp.28-e1. Preves, S.E., 2016. Unruly bodies.Introducing the New Sexuality Studies, p.115. Spencer, S., Meer, T. and Mller, A., 2017. The care is the best you can give at the time: Health care professionals experiences in providing gender affirming care in South Africa.PloS one,12(7), p.e0181132. Swartz, L. and Erasmus, G., 2016. LGBTI-psychosocial services and support adolescents and young people in Gauteng, Pretoria South Africa: profiling the psychosocial support services of OUT (servicing the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community).Journal of AIDS and Clinical Research,7(9).

The Octopus, Man... Essays - Octopuses, Octopodidae, Cephalopod

The Octopus, Man... They change color, texture, and body shape... have three hearts... are jet powered... have members in every ocean of the world... have inspired legends and stories since recorded history... are the most intelligent of all invertibrates, yet are related to clams and oysters... have eyes and senses that rival our own... and can make their own smoke screen decoys out of ink. They are Cephalopods - octopi, cuttlefish, squids, etc. - and they are far more fascinating than one might think. Cephalopoda means, head foot, and they certaintly are of an ancient group... they first appeared several million years before the first primitive fish began to swim the oceans, in the late Cambrian era. They were once one of the dominant life forms in the sea, yet today there are only 650 or so living species left. (This may seem like quite a bit, but compare it to the 30,000 living species of bony fish on this planet and it loses its prominence.) Yet in terms of productivity, some scientists feel that cephalopods are still giving fish a run for their money.With so much information on cephalopods available, it becomes neccesarry to narrow down the catagories. Thus, I have determined to zoom in on the order Octopoda as the main focus of this paper, a group on animals which contains, in my opinion, some of the more interesting and intelligent creatues on this planet. Members of the order octopoda have eight arms. Over the corse of evolution, the trend has been a reduction of shell size. Octopi, having no shells at all, have carried this trend the furthest. The suborder ncerrata contains the familiar, unfinned octopuses that humans know the most about. Octopi have evolved mechanisms to protect themselves from predators. Some of the amazing abilities of octopi include their ability to change theircolor, texture, and apparent size; to expel ink; and to modify their environment to suit themselves. Octopi are able to jet water through their siphon by contracting their mantel to provide quick, explosive thrust. They have the intelligence and ability to get into and out of fishermen's crab and fish traps and to get under an undergravel filter plate in an aquarium. They can adapt to new situations and appear to be curious about their surroundings. Octopi can use their bodies as a nets to trap fish. Having very little hard material in their bodies, usually only a beak and a radula, they can squeeze into amazingly small spaces. You would think that the lack of a hard defensive shell would make the octopus an easy meal. However, the above adaptations that Ive mentioned are often used together to effectively evade their predators. An octopus could darken in color, expel a cloud of dark ink, immediately jet away while turning white, and then disappear under a rock, leaving the predator confused and somewhat perturbed at the situation. Although octopi possess beaks and cephalotoxins, and, if they wanted to or felt the need to, could easily hurt or kill any human who dared to enter their territory, they generally do not affect man... but the exception is a beautiful blue-ringed octopus from Australia. Though it is shy and definitely won't viciously attack, it can, if it feels threatened, defend itself by delivering a venom that can kill in minutes... so if you ever happen to find yourself splashing and swimming around the Great Barrier Reef, just make sure to stay on your toes. The life span of octopi is short, varying from six months in the small species to three years in the larger ones. It is believed that the hormone that regulates sexual maturation is also associated with natural death. Another interesting aspect of octopi is their reproduction. It is generally thought that cephalopods are fast growing animals that reproduce once and then die. In Octopus briareus, an impregnated female can store viable spermatophore for as long as one hundred days after fertilization!!! The eggs are generally laid in a protected lair and fanatically guarded by the female. She usually eats very little or not at all during this period and dies shortly after the eggs hatch. It has been observed that even unfertilized females lay eggs, brood,

The Differences Between a Copywriter, Content Writer, and Content Strategist

The roles of a copywriter and a content writer are often misunderstood. While there is some overlap, there are some fairly big differences between each discipline. And where does a content strategist fit into the equation? It’s important to know how these roles differ because each discipline has its own unique set of challenges and objectives. Here, we’ll look at the main differences between all three. What is a Copywriter? A copywriter is in the business of persuasion. Copywriting is about using words and language to convince readers to take an action, whether it’s buying a product, downloading a report, or engaging with a company. You could call it sales writing, because it’s mainly used in advertisements, sales copy, emails, print ads, digital ads, brochures, and landing pages. Unlike other forms of content writing, copywriting is usually more conversational and interactive. And because its goal is to persuade, it’s also more forceful. Copywriters can specialize in product copy, SEO copy, or direct response advertising, and some will focus on writing copy for specific industries. Hire a professional copywriter to create ad copy, website copy, sales copy and more. What Makes a Good Copywriter? A really good copywriter will understand what a particular target market needs to hear and combine wit and persuasive language to compel readers to take a specific action. The best copywriters will: Understand the needs of the target audience and use language to inspire confidence in the brand. Use the appropriate brand â€Å"voice† to connect with readers. Research a business and understand its marketing goals. Write copy that is plain-speaking, free of jargon, and never boring. Explain complicated ideas clearly. Know how to use storytelling to stir emotions in the reader. Understand SEO. Know how to craft short-form copy that is highly persuasive. Stick to the brief and deadlines outlined by the client. Work with the client until they’re happy with the copy. What is a Content Writer? Unlike a copywriter, a content writer is more concerned with content that informs, educates, entertains, or instructs readers. They’re experienced in online marketing strategies and can create content for many channels, including websites, blogs, social media, and email. The content is usually designed to strengthen the relationship between the reader and the brand. What Makes a Good Content Writer? The best content writers will: Use appropriate keywords to maximize search engine visibility. Be experienced in producing long-form, engaging content. Know how to structure content to make it easy to read and scan. Have a strong grasp of English language and grammar rules. Carefully proofread and edit content for clarity. Know how to use language to keep the reader interested. Use research to increase the credibility of the content. Have experience writing for a range of industries. Be able to come up with fresh content ideas. Stick to the brief and deadlines outlined by the client. Work with the client until they’re happy with the copy. If you’re interested in learning more about this topic, check out this post on the10 skills every content writer should master. What is a Content Strategist? A content strategist controls the direction of a brand’s overall content strategy. They will have a vision for what the content needs to look like and where to publish it. They’ll also ensure that the content quality is consistent and achieves specific marketing goals. To do this, they’ll use analytics tools to prioritize content formats and distribution channels. What Makes a Good Content Strategist? Among other tasks, the content strategist should be able to: Define the brand’s target audience. Develop a flexible content strategy that supports business goals. Set guidelines for the tone and style of all branded content. Manage a content team and encourage collaboration. Use the marketing budget to maximize the return on investment. Know how to meet short-term and long-term marketing goals. Keep projects on schedule without compromising quality. Step in when required to create content. Ensure content consistency across all channels. Know how to use analytics tools to determine the best distribution channels. In Summary The goal of a copywriter is to persuade people to take action. The content writer’s purpose is to engage the reader. And the job of the content strategist is to develop a content strategy, manage the process, and maximize the results over time. Put simply, content writers builds trust, copywriters drive sales, and content strategists steer the content marketing ship. Before you begin your next content project, keep these definitions in mind. Knowing where you fit into the equation will help you work more efficiently with others and ensure your content achieves its objectives, whatever they are. Looking to hire a content writer or copywriter? Constant Content works with thousands of talented freelance content and copy writers.

marks and spencer essays

marks and spencer essays Marks and Spencers has had a consistent record of success and profitability until recently when they were suddenly hit by falling sales. Marks and Spencers were totally unprepared for this and while they were developing new stores and expanding the business their competitors were strengthening. Because Marks and Spencers have been highly successful and competitive for so long their was no pressure to improve the business and now its competitors have overtaken and underlying problems have arisen, something needs to be done. The business needs a complete overhaul management needs to be streamlined, the business structure needs to be re-organised to make it more efficient and the marketing mix need to be changed to begin with. I shall research into Marks and Spencers mostly by going to their website and finding break-even charts, profit and loss accounts and financial results for recent years. I will also go into Marks and Spencer stores and ask for relevant information such as accounts, and I will look around stores to see if anything needs to be improved such as the layout and the appearance of the shop etc. I will look at Marks and Spencers product ranges and the style of its clothes to see if the quality is up to standard and the clothes are fashionable. I will look through the newspapers looking for the latest news and information and I will check newspapers websites such as ft.com for information on M I will then use the data to help me reach accurate recommendations on how to stop Marks and Spencers profits falling. The Financial summary shows useful information for the past 5 years from this you can see that profit has been increasing until 1999 when it sharply drops. Also you can see where the turnover is coming from so you can see which parts o...

Innovation & Change Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Innovation & Change - Case Study Example s that bring about a positive change to various aspects of the company such as its production levels, economic stability as well as growth in the particular market it is situated in (Davila, Epstein & Shelton, 2006). The activities that take place when trying to achieve these changes can be seen as the product of innovation by the company. It is especially essential for individuals dealing with innovation to realize the various methods and approaches that can be taken when dealing their implementation and management. The identification of these approaches allows a manger to select the most appropriate approach for their company and as a result enhance the chances of success a company has at attaining their objectives. The relationship between innovation and change comes into play as a result of the effects that a particular action may have on a company (Fichter, 2009). It also brings about the question of how important a role innovation plays in the growth of a company and whether this growth can be achieved minus the involvement of innovative approaches applied by the mangers. In order to fully answer these questions, one has to look at a particular company and the innovative implementations involved when looking to promote a positive impact on the organization (Heyne, Boettke & Prychitko, 2010). An industry that can be used to further expound on this concept is the vehicle industry with a leading company such as Toyota being the topic of the study to determine the role that innovation plays in the growth of a company. It should be noted that despite the fact that innovation is an important element in itself, the management of these innovations determines the success that an individual is able to enjoy in the resulting outcome. There are various ways that innovation can be considered important in regards to the development and growth of a company. The key aspect that plays a role in this essentialness is the point that an organization cannot remain stagnant in

Economic principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Economic principles - Essay Example I find them much appealing to my values as compared to those that do not bear the incentive I desire. For instance, I am more than ready to study hard so that I can gain the incentive of one day becoming a successful economists. Another case is that I like helping others who are facing hardship because I believe they might be of use to my political agenda at one moment in time. In both of the above cases, there is always that incentive that motivates my present behavior. â€Å"Opportunity cost† is the other economic principle that often characterize my life. I desire so much yet I cannot get everything I want at the same time. For example, I like sleeping!!!! (But for the fear of being misquoted as lazy I accompany it with a disclaimer). On the other hand, I also want to attend classes so that I can gain the necessary knowledge in my major. Since I cannot sleep and attend classes at the same time, I am always forced to give up on sleep for the sake of attending classes. In this case, sleeping becomes my opportunity

Individual Reflective Report Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Individual Reflective Report - Term Paper Example The merits of the proposal can be attributed to the thorough research that was done about coming up with the topic and engaging the team members with it. The idea screening and market research questionnaire were well thought out. The questions addressed the key points around the Clarks footwear; its demand, market niche, target audience, and pricing. In the market niche and target audience, I think we should have included examples of advertising fashion magazines like ELLE, Glamour, and Cosmopolitan as a marketing strategy for the company. This is because the age of the target audience is 18-35 and people in this age bracket read these magazines. Furthermore, celebrities who wear these shoes, for example, Nicki Minaj, Taylor Swift and Rihanna are a great pull to the social and electronic media marketing strategies. We should have mentioned the social media sites that have been integrated with Clarks for marketing purposes. For example, Clarks is associated with Facebook and Twitter w hich has been incorporated into their proprietary website to promote the brand (Clarks.co.uk, 2014). The SWOT analysis was well done with the main points about the business coming out clearly. However, we could have expounded on the threats column by mentioning the rival companies and then comparing the prices of their products. Under Strengths, we should have included the reason why the shoes are of high quality that is having them made in Vietnam. The other strength we should have incorporated is that the product has increased the number of their Directly Operated Stores that is a defensive strategy by taking the volume share control in the market. In the weakness section I believe most of the facts were left out, For example, we left out that a big chunk of income has always been got from retailers who have a tendency to give the same experience to consumers without showing the dissimilarities between the brands they sell. Also, Clarks have margins that are squeezed, as the selle rs often tend to move the low price pressure onto Clarks (Cps.gov.uk, 2014).

Anchoring Proteins Eukaryotic Chromosomes Biology Essay

Anchoring Proteins Eukaryotic Chromosomes Biology Essay The major difference between bacterial and eukaryotic supercoiling is due to the generally circular nature of bacterial chromosomes versus the linear nature of eukaryotic chromosomes and the fact that bacteria do not have nucleosomes. The cccDNA of bacteria is subject to more topological constraint and therefore tends to exist in state of greater negative supercoiling in either an interwound or spiral configuration. However, since the spiral configuration is usually associated with wrapping around a protein, this form is not as prevalent in bacteria. In bacteria, the level of supercoiling is maintained to primarily by the actions of DNA topoisomerase and DNA gyrase. In eukaryotes, negative supercoiling is achieved to a great degree via writhe in the form of left handed spirals around nucleosomes while stretches of nucleosome free DNA can engage in negative supercoiling in the interwound configuration. Nucleosomal supercoiling is controlled by a number of factors involved in chromatin remodeling including methylation and acetylation states of histones, binding of proteins to stretches of DNA altering the access to nucleosome wrapping, and interaction with the many components of the nucleosome remodeling complexes. As with bacteria, DNA topoisomerase and gyrase play a role in maintaining supercoiling in nucleosome free stretches of DNA. (c) Methods of Compaction The basic level of compaction in eukaryotic chromosomes is the nucleosome, a 146 nucleotide stretch of DNA wrapped around an octomer of histone proteins, with a 20-80 nucleotide linker regions in between. Chains of nucleosomal complexes are then further compacted into the 30 nm fiber in zig-zag or solenoid configuration. the 30nm fiber is then organized into 40-90kb loops held together at the base of the loop by the nuclear scaffold. Among other factors, the nuclear scaffold contains topoisomerase II (Topo II), and SMC proteins, which are chromosomal ATPases. TopoII and Smc2 and Smc4 are subunits of Condensin while Smc1, and Smc3 are part of Cohesin. Studies suggest that Condensins promote lateral compaction of chromosomes, while Cohesin promotes longitudinal compaction, through linking adjacent cohesion sites. TopoII is also a component of scaffold and colocalizes with AT-rich DNA sequences of the scaffold named SARs, which are thought to anchor DNA loops o nto the chromosome axis. TopoII seems to be involved in the assembly of chromatin structure, while Condensins are required for both assembly and maintenance. In contrast to eukarytic chomosomal organization, knowledge of bacterial chromosomal organization is much more limited. Bacteria have neither nucleosomes nor a nucleus. Rather the generally circular chromosomes are organized into compact, superhelical domains in a region called the nucleoid. The chromatin structure resembles a rosette with loops of supercoiled DNA radiating from a central core. Compaction is achieved by a combination of forces including supercoiling, compaction by proteins, transcription, and possibly RNA-DNA interactions. 2) a) Binding of proteins to DNA: Domains are like snap-on tools for proteins. They are interchangeable protein structures which confer specific functions on the containing proteins. In the case of DNA binding domains, they impart the protein with the ability to bind to DNA. The binding may use a variety of sequence specific and/or non-specific molecular interactions including hydrogen and ionic bonding, van de Waals forces, and hydrophobic interactions, and may involve interaction with either the major or minor grooves and/or the DNA backbone. The number of residues involved and the type and strength of bonding between the molecules varies with the particular combination of protein domain(s) and DNA sequence(s)/structure(s) to which it is bound. DNA binding domains are generally classified into families which share with similar DNA binding domain properties and are grouped according to the predominant structure of the binding domain. For example: 1) HTH is 2 ÃŽÂ ±-helices connected by a turn. The recognition helix binds in a non-sequence specific manner via hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with bases in the major groove while the other helix stabilizes the binding of the two molecules. 2) bHLH 2 ÃŽÂ ±-helices connected by a loop. The larger, basic helix interacts with major groove of DNA while the smaller helix functions as the dimerization domain. 3) HLH and leucine zipper motifs, an ÃŽÂ ±-helix connected by a loop to a longer ÃŽÂ ±-helix which may contains separate DNA binding and dimerization domains as in the leucine zipper. 4) ÃŽÂ ²-containing ÃŽÂ ²-sheets, perhaps in combination with intervening loops, or forming sheets/barrells/ sandwiches, and which may use either the ÃŽÂ ²-sheet or the loop for contact, e.g TBP and Ig-like domains. 5) Mixed ÃŽÂ ±-/ ÃŽÂ ²-proteins which use a mix of ÃŽÂ ±- and ÃŽÂ ²- structures and may contact using either or both structures, or via the intervening loops, e.g. Zinc finger proteins. It is important to note that even within a particular family or domain structure, the can be great variation in how the domain interacts with the DNA molecule. For example, although the ÃŽÂ ±-helix typically inserts into the major groove parallel to the DNA backbone, many other orientations are possible and found in practice. In addition to sequence recognition, another function of the domain is to bring the protein and DNA into spacial proximity and achieve a conformation conducive to binding. Thus, binding often requires recognition of structural deviation such as variation from the typical B form of DNA or other structural alterations such as torsion or bending. Binding may also involve/require torsional alteration in either or both of the structures either prior to or during binding. (b) binding of proteins to other proteins. Domains facilitate protein-protein interaction via dimerization domains, which, with the exception of the leucine zipper, are usually distinct from the DNA binding domain-add something here re:nature of dimerazation domains. Hetero- and homo- dimerization of proteins provides a method to increase the variety of target sequences, sequence specificity, and/or binding affinity. Furthermore, proteins can engage in a process called 3D domain swapping, a process by which 2 or more proteins can form a dimer or oligomer by exchanging identical structural domains. For example, the cro repressor of bacteriophage ÃŽÂ » uses domain-swapping to dimerize by swapping C-terminal strands. (c) domains that activate transcription. In addition to DNA binding domains as described in a), transcription factors generally contain one or more transactivation domains, which allow them to interact with other transcription factors and/or the basal transcription machinery. Transactivation domains are generally glutamine- or proline-rich, stretches of 30-100 amino acids which enhance transcription either directly or thru recruiting of other coactivators which cannot themselves bind DNA. In addition, many transcription factors generally act as homo- or hetero-dimers and thus also contain dimerization domains.

History 53 Judaism

HISTORY 53 FINAL 1 Id-According to the Old Testament, what massacre took place shortly after Moses received the 10 Commandments and why did it take place? Briefly list the main events in Moses’ life according to the Old Testament. Do any Egyptian sources confirm the events narrated in the Old Testament? 2 Id- When was the kingdom of Judah conquered by the Babylonians? Who destroyed the northern kingdom (Israel) and when? Who were the Prophets within Judaism and what was the focus of their message? How what they did and said can be compared to what Jesus did and said?When did Jewish people transition from pastoralism to agriculture and from being nomadic to sedentary? 3 Id-Where and when did Zoroastrianism originate? How did it influence Judaism in terms of the figure of the devil and the idea of afterlife? List 4 ways in which it influenced all Western religions and explain why some people argue that Zoroastrianism provides the foundation for much of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. 4 Id- When and why was the Temple in Jerusalem destroyed for the last time? Explain the differences between Sadducees, Zealots and Essenes. What was the Maccabean Revolt?What festivity celebrates this event? In terms of the 6 Ways, how did Judaism change after the destruction of the temple? 5 Id-What are the similarities and differences between Orthodox, Reform, Conservative and Reconstructionist Judaism? In term of the 6 ways, what is the difference between the Kabbalah and Hasidic mysticism? 6 E-When was the modern State of Israel established? How long had it been since the last time that an independent Jewish state existed? Why is the state of Israel opposed by many Muslim states in the region? Which religions consider Jerusalem a sacred city? What does the term Zionism mean?How did the Enlightenment improve the condition of Jewish peoples in Europe? List 3 examples of European antisemitism. What kind of rationale did Christianity provide for antisemitism? Were Jewish peop le in Spain treated better under Islamic or Christian rule? When did the Holocaust take place? Approximately how many Jews died because of it? 7 E-Who was Mithra? List 3 similarities between Mithra’s and Jesus’ story? Why did Mithraism disappear? Approximately, how many people follow one of the forms of Christianity? Do we have any independent sources about Jesus written during his lifetime? What are the Gospels?Approximately when were they written? Roughly how many Gospels were written? When were the 4 Gospels canonized? Why is the information you provided so far problematic? What is the Gospel of Thomas? Is it part of the Bible? List at least 2 instances in which the Gospels contradict each other. 8 Id-What is the Resurrection? Which other gods in the Greco-Roman world were said to have been resurrected? What do the Gospels tell us about Jesus childhood, adolescence and early adulthood? Why was Jesus crucified? What was the relationship between Jesus and the Judaism of his times (similarities and differences)? Id- What religion did Jesus practice? What was Jesus’ position on judging others, on accumulation of wealth, on patriotism, and on separation of state and religion? How is this similar and/or different from the positions later taken by mainstream Christianity? 10 Id-Who was John the Baptist? What did Jesus do for 40 days in the desert? What was the political situation during Jesus’ life in his own homeland? Who were the Magi? 11 Id-Who were St. Paul and St. Augustine? When did they live? Why do some people suggest that they may be more important in the history of Christianity than Jesus himself?How did the idea of the end of the world shape Paul’s message? How did the position of Christianity within the empire change by Augustine’s time and how was his message influenced by this new context? 12 Id-What did the Edict of Theodosius in 395 say? Who was Constantine and why is he important in Christian history? The Roman empire was usually tolerant of many religions, so why did they persecute Christians? 13 E-How long did the Inquisition exist for? What was it? What was the Witch Hunt? How was confession obtained? Why were midwives often victims of the Witch Hunt? What is the idea of Manifest Destiny?How can it be justified religiously? How was Christianity used to justify the colonization of the Americas? When did the Crusades take place and what were they? How did St. Augustine lay the theoretical groundwork for the forced conversions of millions of people throughout the world? 14 Id-Who was John Calvin? How did Protestantism contribute to the development of capitalism? Does capitalism seem to fit with Jesus’ message about wealth? What major changes did Martin Luther advocate? What was Martin Luther’s approach on priestly celibacy? Who was St. Francs of Assisi and why was he criticized by Martin Luther?What was Martin Luther’s attitude toward Jewish people? 15 E-Did the creation of Protestantism occur peacefully? Why were many rulers attracted by Martin Luther’s message? In terms of the 6 Ways, how did Protestantism switch the emphasis within Christianity? When did the Council of Trent take place and how did it change Catholicism? Why was the â€Å"discovery† of the Americas troublesome for the Church? Why were the astronomical discoveries of Copernicus and Galileo opposed by the Church? What kind of changes took place during the 1962 Second Vatican Council? 16 Id-What are the 7 sacraments of Catholicism?Would it be fair to say that women had a subordinate role in Christianity until Martin Luther pushed for their rights? Why or why not? What factors contributed to the current decline of Christianity in Europe? What are the 3 major subdivisions of Christianity? 17 Id-When and where did Muhammad live? Why is it incorrect to refer to Islam as â€Å"Muhammadism†? How did Muhammad see his message in relation to Judaism and Christian ity? Why was Muhammad opposed by the Meccan elite? What does Islam mean? Approximately how many followers does Islam have worldwide? 18 E-What are the 5 Pillars of Islam?What are the two main subdivisions within Islam? What do they differ on? Which one is more popular (numerically speaking)? What is Sufism? Which one of the 6 Ways of Being Religious fits Sufism? Why has it sometimes being persecuted by some orthodox Muslims? What is the Hadith? Is there one or multiple versions of the Hadith? What is the Shari’a? Why is the Shari’a followed by some Islamic governments but not by others? When was the role of Caliph abolished? What terminated the Abbasid dynasty? 19 Id-At various times, Muslim governments have persecuted Jewish and Christian peoples or have allowed them to retain their religion.What was the most typical policy? How did most Muslims governments in the past approach the issue of freedom of religion for people who did not follow Judaism, Christianity, or Is lam? 20 Id-How did the Nation of Islam under Elijah Muhammad differ from orthodox Islam? How did the war in Afghanistan contribute to the growth of Islamic fundamentalism? Which 1979 revolution has been heralded as a model for Islamic fundamentalism? What does the Koran say about righteous warfare? How was 9/11 justified by Islamic extremists? 21 Id-List 4 similarities between Christianity, Judaism and Islam.List 2 differences between Judaism and Islam, 2 between Judaism and Christianity, 2 between Islam and Christianity. 22 Id-What difference do you see between the view of sexuality held by Islam and Judaism and the one held by early Christianity? What is Tantrism? Is it part of which religions? What is the Taoist approach to sex? Is asceticism important in most Animistic cultures? What is the Song of Songs (aka Song of Solomon)? 23 E-What is Stannard’s argument about the connection between the genocide of American Indian peoples and Christian teachings about sexuality and à ¢â‚¬Å"Holy† War?List 2 examples of how Christian teachings about sexuality affect modern American culture. Which one of the subdivisions of Christianity is still officially against contraception? List 3 religions that have strong sanctions against homosexuality. According to St. Augustine when is sex not sinful? According to St. Paul what is the ideal behavior in terms of sexuality? According to the Gospels, what was Jesus’ position on divorce and on sexual fantasies? 24 Id-List 3 examples of religious traditions using mind-altering substances. What is Amanita Muscaria? According to Gordon Wasson, which religious tradition was influenced by it?The use of mind-altering substances may fit best with which 2 of the 6 Ways of Being Religious described in class? 25 E-When did the Native American Church gain popularity among the tribes of North America? What 3 sources do various chapters of the Native American Church borrow from? Why have members of the Native American Church been arrested for much of the 20th century? Why were they denied freedom of religion by the U. S. Supreme Court in the early 1990s? What did Justice Anthony Scalia mean when he said that religious diversity is a luxury that the United States cannot afford?What is their legal status today? 26 Id-Where and when was the Baha’i religion created? What is its position toward other religions? Why was it (and still is) persecuted? What is its view of women, nationalism, relationship between religion and science, and concepts such as heaven and hell and the figure of the devil? 27 Id-In class we said that the modern world is seen the growth of both universalism and fundamentalism. What are they and what do they argue? What are their attitudes toward globalization? Why is the division of church and state problematic? Why is it necessary? 8 E-In what year was â€Å"The Age of Reason† published? What is the religious view embraced by Thomas Paine? How does Thomas Paine view Jesus? What is the essence of Paine’s argument? List at least 3 reasons why Paine holds a negative view of the Bible. Why does he believe Christianity to be hostile to science? What relationship—in Paine’s mind—should exist between religion and science? 29 Id-What role does nature play in Paine’s worldview? What does he say about the doctrine of Redemption? What does he say about miracles? What is his opinion of the Book of Ruth? What is Paine’s opinion of St. Paul?

Organizational Chart

MBA in Technology Management The company I worked for in the past was FORE Properties. This was a chain or apartment communities that were all purchased and built by the owner and run by the property managers, assistant property managers, and the leasing team. The â€Å"chain of command† went as follows. This is my knowledge to the best of my ability. New positions may have been added or I was never aware of their presence. There are many different reasons why I did not enjoy working for this company. None of them have anything to do with the organization structure.For one, I accepted the position as leasing consultant when I was 3 months pregnant. After working for the company for a few months, I was told that my appearance was unsatisfactory. I was wearing clothes from Motherhood Maternity and looked better than most employees. They were referring to my face because I had severe acne due to the stress of the pregnancy and the Job. They were also referring to my hair because it had recently been cut short. My regional actually told me I looked sick. I had extreme fits of morning sickness throughout the whole pregnancy, so looking sick came with the territory.My Job was actually threatened several times due to my â€Å"appearance. † Another reason I did not enjoy working for this company is because on one occasion, I was in the shower, getting ready for my regularly scheduled weekend work day, which I hated because I could not spend time with my family, and I slipped in the shower. I was immediately rushed to the RE because being pregnant and falling is a serious issue. I contacted my manager as soon as I could to let her know that I could not physically make it in the office that day and she wrote me up because I contacted her AFTER the office should have been open.I explained that there is nothing I could have done differently and that my child's life was in danger. I refused to sign the write up to admit that I was guilty of anything because I wasn't. The main reason I did not like the Job was because the product I was trying to sell was disgusting. For starters, the apartments are income restricted. You have to make a certain amount of money to live there, so it is pointed toward a lower margin. The apartments themselves were never cleaned, stunk like cigarettes, and had multiple different kinds of linoleum and carpet throughout a single apartment.My manager loud have paid to have each apartment looking amazing, but instead kept her budget low so she would receive a bonus for not going over budget. I mentioned this several times to my regional, and even had her come and view our apartments, but we were told to lease them anyways. I tried to explain that no one would want to live in an apartment like this. I myself come from the ghetto of South Austin Texas and have lived in some DISGUSTING apartments, but I would not chose to live in these apartments if you paid me.They still put a sense of urgency on us to get the apart ments leased and began threatening our Jobs. The whole situation was horrible and I am glad I got out of it when I did. I was even told to constantly walk up to the third floor to clean cockroaches out of the breezeways when I was 9 months pregnant. One time I was even told that I would be standing on the corner in a clown suit with a sign that points to the apartments to get traffic in. Being 9 months pregnant, not fitting into the costume and it being 110 degrees outside, I put my foot down and contacted HRS and explained what I was being told to do.I was protected from the dressing like a clown, but still expected to walk up and down three flights of Atari in high heels and about to deliver a baby. If I was the regional, the manager, or even the owner, I would invest more time and money into making the property look amazing, inside and out. I would be sure that each and every employee is treated as fair as possible. I would never expect anyone to do anything that they could not p hysically do. I think the more you push someone to do something, the more stressed out they become and the less they provide you with good work. In conclusion, working for a company has its up's and downs.It is up to each level of the structure o make the best of each situation that they are dealt. If they see something that is not right, they need to take charge and handle the situation immediately. I wish that in several instances, my assistant manager had spoken up for me and handled the situation instead of keeping quite out of fear of losing her Job as well.

Word Choice Hear vs. Here - Writing Tips from Proofed

Word Choice Hear vs. Here - Writing Tips from Proofed Word Choice: Hear vs. Here Spoken out loud the words â€Å"hear† and â€Å"here† sound identical, which may be why they’re often confused in writing. Unfortunately, on paper the difference is a bit more obvious! In this post, then, we’re looking at the differences between these words and how to tell them apart. Hear (Listen To) To â€Å"hear† something is to sense a sound (this is why we talk about having a sense of â€Å"hearing†): I was in the forest, so I could hear the tree fall. It can also mean â€Å"listen to† or â€Å"learn by being told,† such as when we receive news second hand: I hear that trees fall silently if there’s nobody around. We also see this word used in â€Å"Hear! Hear!† This is an old-fashioned phrase used to express approval of what someone is saying (as if you’re literally saying â€Å"Listen to this person!†). Here (In This Place) The word â€Å"here† can be a noun, an adverb, or even an adjective, but it always means â€Å"this place.† Typically, this is the location occupied by the speaker: Why are we here in this forest anyway? The tree will land here when it falls. In both cases above, â€Å"here† is used to point to the immediate surroundings or a point nearby. Closeness is important for this word; if we were referring to something further away, we’d say â€Å"there.† In addition, â€Å"here† can indicate a point in time or within a process: We’ll end the lesson here for today. It can also be used to refer to the previous sentence or passage in writing: Berkeley wrote that sense objects exist only when they are perceived. Here, we can see how he would have been interested in whether unobserved falling trees make a sound. This makes â€Å"here† a useful word for linking sentences in a paragraph. Hear or Here? An ear. Mixing up these words in your writing can look bad. However, there’s an easy way to tell them apart: The one about listening contains the word â€Å"ear† (i.e., the thing we listen with). So, if you’re writing about sensing a sound or listening to someone, the correct word is â€Å"hear.† On the other hand, if you’re writing about a place or position, the word you need will be â€Å"here.† Remember: Hear = Sense a sound or listen to Here = This place or point

Creative Arts Therapy for the Terminally Ill and Bereaved essays

Creative Arts Therapy for the Terminally Ill and Bereaved essays According to The American Art Therapy Association, Art therapy is a mental health profession that uses the creative process of art making to improve and enhance the physical, mental and emotional well-being of individuals of all ages. Through creating art and reflecting on the art products and processes, people can increase awareness of self and others cope with symptoms, stress, and traumatic experiences; enhance cognitive abilities; and enjoy the life-affirming pleasures of making art (2012). Throughout history, the arts have been used as a form of self expression. Different forms of the arts have been used to bring people together in celebration on important occasions. Dying is an important time of transition for every human being and the arts have been used to ease the pain of loss and to help the dying make peace with their impending death (The Continuum Center for Health art originally developed as a means of expression of and relief from traumatic experiences. Art, song, dr ama and dance in primitive times were motivated by a need for catharsis and gaining control over threats to the community". Art therapy is a broad spectrum that provides a myriad of choices for the dying and the bereaved. The client is encouraged to explore his or her feelings through activities like drawing, music, guided visualization, painting, making of crafts and journal writing. For the dying, a feeling of detachment can set in when one is facing end of life issues. Red Deer Hospice posits that music therapy helps promote a patient's physical, mental, and spiritual well being. Music therapy is especially useful at the end of life when communications often break down and a sense of isolation sets in. Gentle environmental sounds like ocean waves, wind, rain, birds, and music from harps, flutes, or stringed instruments may provide a sense of peace (2012). ...

Wk 10 (67) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Wk 10 (67) - Essay Example Beverly is upset because her surgery is next week and although she will not stop it, she is not sure how to talk to Sally about this final situation. From the conversation it seems that Beverly is asking the counselor to help her help Sally. The first strategy may be to explore the idea that Sally is grieving the loss of someone she dearly loves. This final step is the last identification that Sally has with Beverly as a man. This is now going to go away and Sally is probably going through the various phases of grief; this would be something to explore. According to Carroll and Gilroy (2002) counselors must first understand this issue and move part their own transphobia (p. 235). Certainly a man who is turning into a woman who legally married a woman can be cause for concern for the counselor, so they would need to deal with their own problems with the situation before counseling Beverly. Carroll and Gilroy also suggest getting more information through novels, films, biographies and periodicals (p. 235). In terms of counseling a client centered approach seems to be best because many transgendered people have challenges with trust in someone who is not transgendered because of ill treatment in the past (p. 238). Carroll, Gilroy and Ryan (2002) suggest that counselors should also have a growing knowledge of terminology that is evolving in the transgendered community along with "local, regional and national support networks (p. 134). This information can assist the client and give more information. Mark is a 35 year old male of mixed heritage. His father was black and American Indian and his mother identifies as "white" because her parents were Jamaican and Scotch Irish. Mark grew up in a home where he had no real understanding of any heritage because his family did not identify with any one group. As Mark grew older and left the family he has tried to interact

Are human rights simply extensions of natural rights Essay

Are human rights simply extensions of natural rights - Essay Example (United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948) These rights to life, property, liberty and peaceful co-existence among men and nations are based on equity and natural obligation however without any positive, substantive and procedural laws to govern the actions of each man and nation, then anarchy, chaos, and lawlessness ensue as men and nations are, at times, motivated by power, self-interest and greed. This being so, they are predisposed to use violence and inflict harm upon those who stand in their way. The aggrieved party indeed has natural rights to be protected against any transgression, tort, or injury however without any legal structure that prescribes how relief or restitution may be instituted then the compulsory compliance cannot be effected. It would appear that duly constituted governments have enacted laws which enshrine the basic human rights to life, liberty and property, including, among others, the right to free speech and assembly, freedom of abode, e qual opportunity and more importantly, the right not to be discriminated against by reason of gender, race, disability, education, belief or political affiliation. II. Statement of Issue/s One school of thought is that human rights is simply an extension of natural rights making the same self-executing thus this paper shall determine if this proposition or theory may be defended and supported by statutory enactments as well judicial interpretations. III. Statement of Relevant Historical Development In this jurisdiction, the rights evolution started in 1689 when the Parliament enacted the Bill of Rights, otherwise known as An Act Declaring the Rights and Liberties of the Subject and Settling the Succession of the Crown. It delineated the powers of the sovereign, the Parliament including its freedom of speech, the necessity of regular elections and the right to appeal the monarch without apprehension of reprisal or punishment. It similarly re-instated the liberty of Protestants to arm and protect themselves within the realm of law as lawless elements were themselves armed and employed ruses contrary to law. Even the succession to the throne was subject of a decree which was crafted in 1700 and took effect in 1701, otherwise known as the 1701 Act of Settlement the Bill of Rights. However the enactment in 1931 of the Statute of Westminster in each of the Commonwealth realms marked the beginning that the Bill of Rights cannot be altered in any realm except by its own parliament, and if applicable by convention with the consent of all the other realms, if it involves the succession issues to the shared throne. In this jurisdiction, the Bill of Rights is complemented by Magna Carta 1215 which is a written instrument granting a more limited power to the king respecting property and successional rights of barons and freemen who held lands directly of the Crown, including the fees levied, payment of debts, services to be rendered and such other rights are inscribed to a vert any dispute. While Habeas Corpus Act 1679 confers rights upon those persons charged of an offense but are nonetheless unduly detained may file a petition for such person or body to be produced at such time and place determined by the judge upon payment of

Barriers to Evidence Based Nursing Practice Assignment

Barriers to Evidence Based Nursing Practice - Assignment Example (1998). Interviews were used to conduct this research on a nurse leader and a bedside nurse with a major view of inquiring their perspective on the barriers to the application of evidence-based nursing practices within their clinical settings. Based on quantitative study analysis and design, the barriers identified were inadequate resources, minimal time allocation for the study, inconsistencies, restricted authorities in some situations, limited support in conducting the research, a future two tier nursing practice, lack of work motivation, adaptation culture, institutional resistance to change, and poor responsibility in adopting the evidence-based nursing. These findings were found to be consistent when compared to other related research works (Hannes K. et al, (2007). With a critical look on these barriers, it stood out that one major action of developing clear objective and targeted strategies needed to be taken to solve them all. At our clinical level, we would recommend the development of a problem tree based on the purposeful sampling of nurses in different sections of the clinic to explore the identified barriers, and to orientate possible changes in the management processes of the clinic. This would ensure that both managerial and individual limitations/ barriers are eliminated (Gerrish K., 2007). Hannes K., Vandersmissen J., De Blaeser L., Peeters G., Goedhuys J., Aertgeerts B. (2007). Barriers to evidence-based nursing: a focus group study. J Adv Nurse. 2007 Oct; 60(2):162-71. Pub Med PMID: 17877563. Gerrish K., Ashworth P., Lacey A., Bailey J., Cooke J., Kendall S., McNeilly E. (2007). Factors influencing the development of evidence-based practice: a research tool. J Adv Nurse. 2007 Feb; 57(3):328-38. Pub Med PMID:

Educational programs Essay Example for Free

Educational programs Essay There are of course limits to the parallel between the regulation of firms and the regulation of churches. A basic difference is that a church draws its support on the basis of religious commitmentpresumably a quite different source of commitment than consumer preference for many people. In the fundamental relationship between the church and its members, there is no clear unit of exchange that lends itself to quantification. Perhaps much more so than firms, however, churches have the capacity to mobilize their memberships on behalf of their objectives in negotiating with the state. Another difference is that states seeking to regulate churches often lack doctrinal competence. They may be ill-equipped to understand the churchs mission and lack information as to church resources and the best uses of those resources. Finally, another principal difference is that the relationship between a nation and the religious commitments of its citizens is the consequence of many forces acting over long periods of time. These forces may have created in a population religious commitments of singular intensity or, on the other hand, apparent disinterest that has little to do with the direction of contemporary state regulation of religion. Despite these differences, however, the case can still be made that regulatory theory is relevant to the understanding of church-state relationships. This essay argues that the direction of contemporary state regulation may help shape the direction of a churchs priorities and activities independently of the condition of the populations religious commitment. Churches as organizations will respond to regulatory incentives and costs, just as they respond to the political environment. Why do states seek to regulate churches? Historically, as will be shown below, rulers may have sought to impose on their subjects their own respective judgments about the correct institutional expression of their faith. States have seen regulation as a means to weed out corruption or to redress the distribution of resources in their society. Quite often, states have appeared to fear churches as challenges to the political order that need to be contained. Historically, regulation of churches by the US and European states has embraced some or all of a number of areas. States have played significant roles in regulating or ultimately selecting senior church readerships within the country. States have assumed the power to determine the numbers and types of clergy allowed to practice their religious responsibilities within the nation. The states approval has been sought in determining the boundaries of church administrative territories. The states acquiescence has played a role in church reform of doctrine or liturgy. States have from time to time set limits on the nature of church participation in education, public communication, social welfare, and health care. Finally, states have limited- or enhanced- churches ability to own property or businesses. At this time, virtually every church, at least in Western Europe, has achieved a remarkable measure of autonomy in the determination of its leadership, its size, and the direction of its clergy. By contrast, historically in Roman Catholic countries, the state or the aristocracy controlled higher-level clerical appointments or shared in appointment decisions with the Vatican. In many Protestant states, the state exercised the power of appointment with relatively little formal consultation with church hierarchies. At the same time, the capacity of the church to establish a central role in a societys institutions has diminished and a review of church attendance in Western Europe suggests remarkable declines in membership. Churches may find that regulation benefits their own positions in society. In many cases these churches confront receding memberships. Catholic churches in nearly all Western European states enjoy sustained and significant declines in the conflicts with state authorities that were recurring crises during the nineteenth and a good deal of the twentieth century. This decline in conflict undoubtedly is related to the effective dechurching of many of the US and European populations. Regulation in these cases appears to be actively sought by churches as a means of sustaining resource flows. This relationship of negotiating support in exchange for some measure of regulation appears to be the emerging norm of convergence in state-church policy throughout Europe. But it raises the perplexing question of how new churches will respond to a structure of church-state relations that does not reflect the neutral tradition of liberalism but rather expresses clear although measured support for some churches over others in practice and often in theory as well. A church may seek several objectives in regulation. These objectives may undergo change as the regulatory context shifts. A church may conclude that regulation provides a competitive advantage in dealing with competition with other churches. Established, long-existing churches that now enjoy some measure of recognition from the state may wish to stabilize the situation by delimiting the boundaries of state recognition from newer or missionary churches that threaten the membership base of the established churches. The established churches may simply be concerned with maintaining their existing obligations to staffs, buildings, and educational programs. The longer established the church, presumably the greater the obligations it has to sustain existing organizations. The theory of regulatory capture would predict these observations. There is always the risk, however, that the capture model of regulation is not predictive of future state-church relationships, given the possibilities for new directions coming from within the state or from groups found neither in established church(es) nor in the state. New churches are the most likely sources of pressure for changes in the direction of regulation.

Wilderness: History and Value Essay -- Nature Philosophy Papers

Wilderness: History and Value History From the very beginning of this nation's history, wilderness has been a fundamental ingredient. The first European settlers found and battled against it upon their arrival. The western explorers and wagon trains sought to wrestle farmland from the wilderness's grip to build cities, farms and homes. It was not until the reality of its finite availability, that it was viewed as anything other than an opponent and menace. These changing attitudes began a new battle for preservation and protection of the wilderness that remained. The nation's attitude transformation was testimony to a new focus and value for wilderness. This new disposition declared that the preservation and maintenance of wilderness is instrumental to our own emotional, spiritual and biological survival. The first European settlers began an extensive nation wide war on wilderness upon their arrival on the eastern shore. The war continued for many years and set the tone for America's relationship with its wilderness lands. Many of the nation's first European arrivals brought with them very Puritanical views regarding the appropriateness of order and disorder as well as fundamental Christian views (Kropf, 1997). In their minds, the unsettled and unestablished lands of the New World symbolized lack of order and therefore the absence of God. Along with disorderly lands there existed native inhabitants who, because they had not subdued the land-putting it to strict agricultural use-were innately inferior. All these attributes assigned to the Indians and the wilderness led the early settlers to firmly believe that the wilderness was the dwelling place of Satan. As God fearing Christians, their greatest calling was the elim... ...nd humanity will suffer. Furthermore, the contents of this continent which have shaped and influenced this nation will be forever lost. Bibliography Brower, David. (1996). Let the Mountains Talk, Let the Rivers Run. San Fransisco: Harper Collins Publishers. Drabelle, Dennis. (1984, Summer). Feral Explorations. Wilderness, pp.24-26. Hendee, John C., Stankey, George H., & Lucas, Robert C. (1990). Wilderness Management. Golden: North American Press. Kropf, Jesse A., "Images of the Overland Trail and Manifest Destiny: A Distortion of Reality". History 369: Dan Flores, University of Montana. Spring 1997. Nash, Roderick. (1967). Wilderness and the American Mind. New Haven: Yale UP. Nash, Roderick. (1984, Summer). Path to Preservation. Wilderness, 5-11. Oelschlager, Max. (1991). The Idea of Wilderness. New Haven: Yale University Press.

5.05 Works Cited

I do think that the lawsuit against Brianna LaHara was fair; she technically stole over a thousand songs. I do feel that it is a bit unfair that there was a law suit against a 12 year old, but also she needed it to be done now before she got herself into some real trouble when she was older. If it was me in this situation, I would just give myself over to them and confess what I did. I do not think it is a reasonable program at all.I am not one for having that fear constantly eating at the back of my brain, so I would rather just face the consequences. If I knew I was at such risk for arrest and lawsuits, I would turn myself in voluntarily. There are too many risks, and cases already made against this subject. According to CBS News, a woman in 2009 illegally downloaded TOO much music! She shared copyrighted music online and levied $222,000 in damages against her.She even had to pay the six record companies that sued her $9,250 for each of 24 songs they focused on in the case. WORKS C ITED: â€Å"Woman Faces The Music, Loses Download Case. † CBSNews. CBS Interactive, n. d. Web. 20 Mar. 2013. . â€Å"12-year-old Settles Music Swap Lawsuit. † CNN. N. p. , 18 Feb. 2004. Web. 20 Mar. 2013. .

My Last Duchess and Othello, IV, iii

In the dramatic form, be it monologue, dialogue or full theatrical scene, the author cannot step into the action to comment or interpret for us, as he can in a novel.   We must draw our own conclusions from what we see and hear, and this makes for powerful effects, as a character reveals him- or herself to us by what he or she says or does.   In the monologue My Last Duchess Browning misleads us with great skill before we realize that we are listening to a criminal lunatic. The dramatic force lies in the surprise we feel as the truth finally emerges.   In Act IV, scene iii of Othello there is again an agonizing irony for the viewer, who knows more than Desdemona and is of course impotent to help her.   Shakespeare works like a dentist without an anaesthetic, and the pain for the audience derives from the unbearable innocence of the doomed Desdemona, who is surely something like the Duchess in Browning’s poem, helpless and bewildered in the face of a murderous insanity in her husband. Browning’s Duke sounds so sane!   He is wonderfully gracious and articulate – â€Å"Will’t please you sit and look at her?† (5).   As he tells his story he seems to weigh his words with great caution, as if he is quite free of the distorting power of anger or any other passion, and is keen to avoid any unfairness in his judgment: â€Å"She had / A heart – how shall I say? – too soon made glad† (21-2), â€Å"†¦but thanked / Somehow – I know not how – as if she ranked†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (31-2). He never raises his voice, and speaks with a measured confidence that quite takes us in. At first we might be tempted to believe that his attitudes are reasonable: â€Å"Sir, ‘twas not / her husband’s presence only, called that spot / Of joy into the Duchess’ cheek† (13-15).   His manner is restrained even as he hints at her infidelity.   The painter flattered her about her appearance, as of course he would, being a Renaissance artist totally dependent on patronage, but she was charmed by it – foolishly, the Duke suggests. â€Å"She liked whate’er / She looked on† (23-24).   She was delighted by the beauty of the sunset, and the little tribute from the man who gave her the cherries, just as much as â€Å"My favour at her breast† (25).   What he seems to be objecting to is her failure to be properly selective and aristocratic in her tastes.   This is a rather extreme sort of snobbery, but perhaps not unprecedented; we may not find it attractive, but we may accept it as a feature of a proud man with a â€Å"nine-hundred-years-old name† (33). All the time, Browning is luring us up the garden path.   We begin to detect the problem.   The Duke is immensely proud, a man of great heritage, while she is free of snobbery, charmed by the delights of the world and human kindness, and genuinely innocent. (Infidelity does not now seem to be the Duke’s concern.)   Then we begin to see how his pride is really pathological arrogance. â€Å"Even had you skill / In speech – (which I have not)† (35-36), (he lies, of course) to explain your objection to her behavior – which is clearly quite â€Å"normal† – it would involve â€Å"stooping, and I choose / Never to stoop† (42-3).   So, rather than speak to her about his dissatisfaction, which would involve impossible condescension by him, he chose to solve the problem rather more radically: â€Å"This grew; I gave commands; / Then all smiles stopped together† (45-6). It takes a moment for us to register what he did, so unbelievable is it and so evasively phrased.   Then, having confessed to murder, or, rather, boasted of it, he continues his negotiations for his next Duchess, celebrating, incidentally, one of his favorite art works, â€Å"Neptune†¦ Taming a sea-horse† (54-5), the very image of the brutal control that he has himself exerted over his innocent last Duchess. The willow scene from Othello works differently, of course, because it is a dialogue, though it is the inner workings of Desdemona’s mind that the dramatic form reveals here, just as much as is the case in Browning’s poem There is an almost intolerable pathos about this scene because Desdemona is so helpless.   She has a good idea of what is going to happen – â€Å"If I do die before thee, prithee shroud me /   In one of those same sheets† (24-5) and is impotent in the face of her fate. There seems to be no defence against the ruthless execution of Othello’s enraged will. She is in a sort of trance, a hypnosis of shock.   All she can do is wait for the end, and the pathetic simplicity of her reflections here is the sign of a wounded spirit in retreat from reality.   The tragic atmosphere is given additional poignancy by the occasional interruption of the everyday details of â€Å"undressing for bed†, the habitual continuing because there is nothing else to do in the face of the worst – â€Å"Prithee unpin me† (21). She continues at moments to pretend that this is just an ordinary night: â€Å"This Lodovico is a proper man† (35), not a comparison of Othello with her country forms, but a pathetic attempt at gossip. But her real thoughts emerge in the obsession with the willow song, which she cannot resist. It is the perfect mirror of her own fortune: â€Å"And she died singing it; that song tonight / Will not go from my mind† (30-1). Like a detail from a psychoanalyst’s casebook comes the unprompted line in the song that gives away the deepest thoughts of the willing victim. –Let nobody blame him, his scorn I approve, — Nay, that’s not next.   Hark!   Who’s that knocks? –It is the wind.† (51-3) She corrects herself, but the absolute terror of realisation goes through her. The heroic innocence of Desdemona is highlighted by her conversation with Emilia. While Desdemona genuinely believes that no woman could in fact commit adultery â€Å"for all the world† (63), and swears that she herself would not do it â€Å"by this heavenly light† (64), Emilia responds, â€Å"Nor I neither, by this heavenly light, / I might do it as well in the dark† (65-6), and goes on to consider just what â€Å"all the world† might mean as a reward for the sin. Emilia is not immoral. It is just that Desdemona is on a superhuman and heroic level of behavior, and Emilia is on the normal level.   Compared with Desdemona’s helplessness in the face of the corruption of Othello, Emilia’s jokes have an immensely remedial health.   It is not a criticism of Desdemona, but it is a firm placing of trust in the human by Shakespeare. We can imagine that what Desdemona feels and says is very close to the response of Browning’s Duchess.   Both of them are innocent and benevolent women faced by deranged men.   The creation of character and the realization of human dilemma in the dramatic form are forceful and, in these two cases, immensely painful for the audience or reader.   The form makes the reader peculiarly impotent in the face of disaster. We would like to stand up in the theatre and shout at the stage, like the lady in the famous story, â€Å"You great black fool, can’t you see she’s innocent?†      

Impact of digital technology essays

Impact of digital technology essays Digital technology has a lot of impact on our national security. Such technology innovations as the Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System, US-VISIT program, and Automated Biometric Identification System use biometrics as a key element in protecting our country from terrorists. Other innovations of digital technology, such as inventions of software to help conduct counterterrorism training drills, will help us to prepare for disasters and will lead to intelligent cities that can better protect ports of entry and its citizens. Each year the Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services receives approximately seven million applications for immigration benefits. BCIS has now developed the technology to accept electronic filing of certain applications for immigration benefits. This technology improves both customer service and BCIS ability to verify the identity of individuals in the future. E-filing, combined with the collection and storage of an applicants digital photograph, signature, and fingerprint, allow the BCIS to produce a high quality immigration document with special security features. One great innovation in digital technology that will allow the United States to improve the nations security and the integrity is US-VISIT system. US-VISIT represents the greatest single advance in border technology in three decades. The Homeland Security Department has established US-VISIT to: Enhance the safety of our citizens and visitors; Facilitate legitimate travel and trade; Ensure the integrity of our immigration system; and Protect the privacy of travelers to the United States. US-VISIT uses biometrics, such as digital, inkless finger scans and digital photographs, which enable the Homeland Security Department to determine whether the person applying for entry to the United States is the same person who was issued the visa by State .With the help of the US-VISIT system...

How to Ask For a Letter of Recommendation Complete Guide

How to Ask For a Letter of Recommendation Complete Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips No groveling necessary. Asking someone to write you a letter of recommendation can feel almost as daunting as asking that special someone out to a movie. You're putting yourself out there, just hoping they like you back enough to say yes! Luckily, most of your teachers are well accustomed to writing letters of recommendation for students and are glad to support you in your academic goals. Plus, who wouldn't want to recommend you for college? You're great. To ensure your request goes as smoothly as possible, you should be thoughtful about who and how you ask. This guide will go over the steps on how to request a recommendation letter for your college applications successfully (though this guide works equally well for applications for graduate school and jobs). First, let's briefly go over what you need to know before making your request. What You Should Know Before Requesting a Recommendation Letter Before you pop the question, make sure you thoroughly understand the purpose of recommendation letters in your college applications. Along with your college essay, they should help personalize your application and tell a story about who you are as a student and person. While other parts of your application display your grades, activities, and other accomplishments, letters of recommendation can go beyond the resume and help you come to life in the eyes of admissions officers. Recommendation letters can speak to your academic potential, character traits, and personality, as well as about how you've connected with others in the school community over the past few years. Because reference letters have this important function of revealing aspects of your personality and giving insight into your character, you should choose someone who knows you well and can give specific anecdotes about you. You might also have learned through word of mouth which teachers write the strongest letters. Sometimes seasoned faculty members have written a lot of letters over the years, and may have established solid reputations with admissions officers at certain colleges. Some colleges require one teacher recommendation, while others ask for two. Most schools also require a letter of rec from your counselor.This guide will discuss how you can request strong recommendations from both your teachers and your school counselor. First and foremost, make sure to ask well in advance of your deadlines. Want to build the best possible college application, with the strongest recommendations? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. Don't make your teacher feel like a hamster racing on the wheel of time. When Should You Ask for a Letter of Recommendation? The first step in requesting a letter of recommendation involves timing. Even for seasoned teachers and counselors, each individual letter takes time and thought to do well. I recommend asking your recommenders at least a month before your application deadlines. In some cases, even earlier is better. Some teachers put a cap on how many requests they take. If they have a first come, first served policy, then you should ask even earlier than a month before your deadlines so you don't miss out. A lot of teachers get inundated by the end of the semester, when they might be already busy getting exams scored and grades completed, not to mention spending time with friends and family over winter vacation. Because of this, it's a good idea to ask your recommenders early in the semester, like in September. Junior year teachers are often a good choice, because they had you recently and for a full year (whereas your senior year teachers might not know you that well yet). It can also be a good idea to ask your junior year teachers at the end of junior year, when you're fresh in their mind from being a student in their class all year (also a good idea if you have early decision deadlines). It gives them an entire summer to work on your letter. Just make sure to politely remind them a few weeks before your deadlines, if they haven't submitted your rec letter by then. Once you've figured out who you're asking and when, how can you frame your request in a positive way? First, I'll talk about how to ask a teacher and then how to ask your counselor, as the process and your relationships with these people is probably a little different. Make your request in person, so you don't end up with a letter like this. How to Ask for a Letter of Recommendation from a Teacher How are you going to approach your request? What should you say? What information do you need to give your teacher? As long as you've prepared yourself in these three aspects, you're all set to make your request. Let's break each down one at a time. How to Make Your Request In person. I highly recommend asking for your recommendation face to face. Depending on your teacher's schedule and school culture, it may be appropriate to email your teacher to set up an appointment or meeting. Asking for a letter of recommendation solely over email could be interpreted as impersonal, distant, and less mature, an impression you don't want to make in the mind of a recommender. I also wouldn't recommend asking during class time, but instead find time during a free period, after school, or whenever the teacher has free time to meet. The request may be short, but you still want to create space in case your teacher wants to further discuss your plans. What to Say While it can feel scary and vulnerable to ask a teacher for this favor, remember that teachers, especially ones that have juniors and seniors, expect this. In fact, it's part of their job description. Likely all of these teachers write letters of recommendation for students every year and want to help you succeed and continue on in your education. It may also help you to remember that a lot of teachers know what it's like to be on the other side of this process, as they usually undergo observations and evaluations every year. The best way to calm your nerves and ensure the conversation goes smoothly is to prepare what you'll say. I recommend phrasing your request simply and directly, without a lot of "ums," "likes," or "I forgot what I was about to say, so let's take a raincheck- how about next Thursday?" Something like this could work: "I really enjoyed your class. I've learned a lot from you and feel like you've gotten to know me well. I'm apply to College X for next year and would be really flattered if you could write me a strong letter of recommendation for my application(s)." Note the phrasing of astrongrecommendation. You want to make sure your teacher can write you a strong and compelling letter, not a generic one. If, worst case scenario, your teacher declines or seems hesitant, simply thank them and ask somebody else. You wouldn't want a weak letter that wouldn't help, or could even hurt, your application. You want to find a recommender who will agree to write a letter for you without reservation. If you've asked someone who knows you well and agrees to provide you with a letter of rec, then it's a good idea to share some further information with him/her. In a lot of schools, they call this a "brag sheet." The "brag sheet" isn't really about bragging, not even backdoor brags. Information to Give Your Teacher(s) First off, your teachers need to know the logistics. When are your college deadlines? How do they submit the letter of rec? In most cases, your early decision deadlines will be in October and your regular decision deadlines will be in early January. Typically, writersupload their recommendations through the Common Application or, if your school uses it, through Naviance. Beyond the requirements, I strongly advise providing your teacher with your brag sheet, or your reflections on who you are and what you value. Usually the guidance office distributes these to juniors and seniors, inviting students and parents to comment on it. The more detailed and thoughtful you are about your values, goals, and accomplishments, the more useful your brag sheet will be to the writer. While you might not be used to or all that comfortable writing about yourself, you should take the time to reflect deeply about what you care about and what experiences have been especially meaningful in your life. This will help your teacher add further dimension to your recommendation, as well as help differentiate you from other students they're writing about. In a perfect world your recommenders are bursting with fun and poignant anecdotes to share about you in their class, but in reality most teachers could use your help to complement what they plan to say. I would recommend going into your request ready with your completed brag sheet. If the teacher agrees, then you can pass it over. Be ready to have a discussion on it if the teacher wants to hear your thoughts. In addition to giving revealing insights about your character and interaction with other students, your teachers are the best authorities on your academic performance and potential. Your counselor, on the other hand, can speak more to your role in the school community and growth over your years in high school. Because your relationship with your counselor is different from that with your teachers, you may approach your recommendation request differently. How to Ask for a Letter of Recommendation from your School Counselor Almost all colleges that require recommendations want one from your school counselor. This recommendation is usually called the "secondary school report." While you can choose which teachers to ask for reference letters, you probably don't have a decision to make when it comes to the counselor letter of rec. Lots of students have the same counselor throughout their four years of high school. You also probably don't have to ask the same way you do with your teachers, as your counselor expects to write recommendation letters for all students on his or her caseload who are applying to college. With this recommendation, it's less about the request and more about how you can help your counselor write the strongest reference letter possible. In some high schools, especially big ones, students don't always get to know their counselors very well. If that's the case for you, then your brag sheet, as well as face to face meetings, is especially important for sharing who you are and what your goals are. If you have a passion for environmental biology, tell your counselor all about it. If you can't wait to join your college's newspaper and report on important events around the community, share that. The more your counselor knows about you and what sparks your interest, the more life they can breathe into your recommendation letter. Most counselors will schedule at least two college meetings with the students on their caseload, one in the spring of junior year to discuss college planning and one in the fall to talk about how your applications are going. If you're applying early action or early decision, you should let your counselor know in the spring of junior year, or at least at the very beginning of senior year. The best recommendation letters don't just use vague descriptions that could apply to anyone. They prove their assertions by relating specific stories. If you haven't had a ton of interactions with your counselor, it's especially important to include significant experiences and challenges on your brag sheet, as well as to get to know your counselor in meetings. For most schools, you can schedule a meeting with your counselor, so don't feel like you have to wait for him or her to call you down to the office. Reference letters for college are a big part of a counselor's job, and they can get especially busy with them around deadlines. Ask your counselor early and meet with him or her so you can make a strong impression, show how important your applications are to you, and jumpstart their letter writing. The more specific you are and the more you share with your counselor, the stronger and more colorful his/her recommendation letter will be. Just like with your teachers, it's up to you to tell your counselor when your deadlines are and any special requirements they need to complete. After you've spoken to your recommendations and obtained their support, what are the next steps? Next Steps After Your Recommendation Request It's always a good idea to follow up with your recommenders a week or two before your deadlines with a polite reminder. In this reminder, you could thank them again for providing you with a letter of rec, express your excitement about your future plans, and invite them to contact you if they need any more information from you. If you word it this way, then it won't feel like you're asking why they haven't uploaded their letter yet (unless they have, in which case, thank them again!). Some teachers will let you see your letter before submitting it and invite your revisions or feedback. This is totally up to the recommender, and not actually common in admissions procedures (usually letters are expected to be confidential). If your teacher doesn't offer to show it to you, I wouldn't advise pressuring her to. This could indicate that you don't trust her to write a strong letter- and if that's the case, you should ask someone else, anyway! Most letters will be submitted online, but in the rare case that your teacher wants to mail it, you should provide her with a pre-addressed, pre-stamped envelope. After all's written and submitted, write your teachers and counselor a thank you note. Once the decisions start rolling in, let them know where you got in! If you take just a few points from this article, these are the most important ones to remember. Want to build the best possible college application, with the strongest recommendations? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. Key Takeaways for Recommendation Requests Ask a teacher (or two) who knows you well and in whose class you excelled. The better relationship you have with your recommender, the more insightful your recommendation letter will be. It helps if the teacher is known to be a strong writer, too! Request your reference letters in person. This adds a personal touch and shows respect. In addition to telling your recommenders your deadlines and important logistics, give them thoughtful reflections on your values, goals, and accomplishments on your brag sheet. Take time with this, as it could be a huge aid as your recommenders write your letter. Thank them for helping you apply to college, and let them know where you end up! Perhaps the most important takeaway is that letters of recommendation are important, as are the connections you have with your teachers and counselor in high school. Approach this part of your application with a plan, and express your appreciation of your recommenders' role in helping you get into college. All this commitment and goal-setting is definitely the kind of thing you could put on a brag sheet. What's Next? In order to add recommenders to the Common Application, first you have to respond to the FERPA waiver. Read all about what it means and how it affects your right to access your letters of recommendation. College admissions get more and more competitive every year, so you want to present yourself with the best application you can. Read about how to build a versatile college application here. Did you know that a couple schools ask for recommendations from peers, and some students send them along as supplements? Read the complete guide to peer recommendations here. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: